Biography

James (Jimmy) Boggs (May 27, 1919-July 22, 1993) and Grace Lee Boggs (June 27, 1915-October 5, 2015) were two of America’s foremost revolutionary theoreticians, human rights activists, and community organizers of the 20th century. Their marital union, which began in 1953 and spanned 40 years, was unique, powerful, balanced, and productive.

James was born in sharecropping Marion Junction, Alabama. He later moved to Detroit, where he worked in the Chrysler auto plants for 25 years and began as a labor leader and leading political activist in the Black Power movement. He is a noted cultural visionary who advanced Marxist praxis in the black radical tradition as Dr. W.E.B. DuBois has done before him. James is noted for predicting in the 1960s that automation in the auto plants would replace workers and that revolutionaries must become “revolutionists.” A revolutionist is “a ‘revolutionary’ who accepts responsibility for leadership which involves projecting a philosophy of change, developing a method or form of struggle based on a new ideology, and organizing to change society along the lines of this new ideology.”

Jimmie and Grace’s home on 3061 Field Street in Detroit became the Mecca for the most ardent black revolutionaries to emerge in the 1960s, including Milton Henry, Richard Henry, Ahmad Muhammad, General Baker, Vincent Harding, and William Strickland, and they were connected to Malcolm X, Dr. Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., Reverend Albert Cleage, Danny Aldridge, Ossie Davis, Danny Glover, among others.  Their analysis significantly impacted the Black Freedom struggle during the 1960s -1970s, particularly citing the cities as the battleground versus the southern US. In the 1960s, they advanced the idea that the American socio-political nexus required the confluence of class and race struggle of racial and class analysis. Their analysis called for Black Power in Detroit, three years before 1966, called for Black Power by Stokely Carmichael and Willie Ricks in Greenwood. 

The Boggs' prolific writings and publications and concepts of “think dialectically, not biologically,” “dialectical humanism,” and “revolutionary humanism” was widely distributed and still motivate and resonate with activists and the youth today.